To improve the wear resistance of 45^# steel surfaces and prolong their service life under different severe working conditions, different mass fractions of Fe/MoS₂ coatings were prepared on 45^# steel surfaces by laser cladding technology; scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractomete were used to study the effect of MoS₂ powder content on microstructure and phase composition of the coatings. Microhardness tester, friction and wear tester were used to conduct the related performance tests of a microhardness tester and friction and wear tester to analyze the correlation law of the coating hardness and friction and wear performance. The results show that the wear resistance of MoS₂ coatings with different mass fractions is improved. The coatings are composed of cellular and columnar crystalline tissues and contain phases such as Fe, Cr_0.5Mo_0.5, Fe-Cr, etc. A small amount of face centered cubic phase is generated in the coatings with 15% and 20% MoS₂ mass fraction. The coatings with a content of 15% MoS₂ have a higher wear resistance; the hardness and wear resistance of the coatings with the addition of 15% MoS₂ of the mass fraction are improved the most, and the hardness is 891.6 HV, the wear rate of the coating was 8.85 × 10^?7 mm³/(N·m), and a coefficient of friction of 0.6523. Excessive addition of MoS₂ resulted in a decrease in the hardness and wear resistance of the coatings. This study can provide a relevant research basis for improving the wear resistance of 45^# steel surfaces.