In this work, a swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system was constructed using a dual fiber ring structure to obtain the depth spatial information of a planned surgical site in laser ophthalmic surgery. In the proposed system, a dichroic mirror was added to the sample arm to integrate it with a CMOS camera system. After matching the geometric relationship between the coordinates of the OCT system and camera system, several scanning modes, including multi-angle linear scanning and annular scanning, were designed, achieving multimode scanning imaging at any given position of camera video images. The longitudinal resolution of the imaging system was 13.68 μm, while the lateral resolution was 29.8 μm. The imaging depth in the air was 17.25 mm. The measured maximum lateral deviation was 275 μm, and the maximum longitudinal deviation was 70 μm; thus, the requirements of the operation location were met. By using the proposed system, rapid depth information acquisition of the designated parts of the eye is possible. Therefore, the system is suitable for application in ophthalmic disease diagnosis and cataract surgery navigation.