Acta Photonica Sinica, Volume. 54, Issue 3, 0306005(2025)

Real-time Reconfigurable Arbitrary Waveform Generation Based on Multi-tone Inputs

Zhen ZHOU, Shuna YANG*, Bo YANG, and Hao CHI
Author Affiliations
  • School of Communication Engineering,Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China
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    Broadband Radio Frequency (RF) Arbitrary-waveform Generation (AWG) plays an important role in modern information systems, like high-speed optical communications, biomedical imaging, chemical coherence control, and advanced radar applications. Benefiting from a large bandwidth and compact configuration, the Time-domain Pulse Shaping (TPS) system provides possibilities for generating RF arbitrary waveforms based on the Fourier transform relationship between the input-output waveform pair. However, limited by the relatively low sampling rate and bit resolution of the Employed Electronic Arbitrary-waveform Generator (EAWG), the diversity and fidelity of the realized waveforms as well as its reconfiguration speed are constrained. To remove the EAWG′s limitation and realize dynamic real-time reconfiguration of RF waveforms, we propose and demonstrate a novel approach of RF arbitrary-waveform generation based on an improved TPS system with an integrated Dual Parallel Mach-Zehnder Modulator (DPMZM) and multi-tone inputs in this work. Different from the conventional TPS system, the proposed system is built using a mode-locked laser, a DPMZM, and a pair of conjugate dispersive mediums. One major difference lies in the employment of DPMZM, which can realize the Carrier-suppressed Single-sideband (CS-SSB) modulation mode to guarantee the one-to-one mapping from each frequency element to the output optical pulse. Another difference is the generation of the multi-tone RF inputs, which is provided by commercial sinusoidal signal generators instead of EAWG. Based on the Fourier transform relationship between the RF input signal and the output optical waveform, the spectrum of the applied multi-tone signals is linearly mapped into the temporal profile of the output optical signal, i.e., a list of discrete optical pulses with adjustable amplitudes and time intervals are generated. The following Photodetector (PD) and Low-pass Filter (LPF) detect and smooth the temporal envelope of optical pulses to realize the RF waveform generation. Note that the output optical pulses serve as the sampling points of the desired RF waveforms. In this design, by simply configuring the frequency spacing and amplitudes of the multi-tone RF inputs, the desired RF arbitrary waveform can be generated and reconfigured in real time.In order to verify the proposed RF AWG approach, a proof-of-concept experiment was successfully carried out. Firstly, the system dispersion matching was performed to ensure the fidelity of the output RF waveform. Secondly, the amplitude values of the three-tone input signals have been adjusted, a variety of customized waveforms were generated. Meanwhile, the frequency interval between adjacent frequency elements has been separately set as 4 GHz and 5 GHz, two square waveforms with different sampling rates up to 20 GSa/s have been achieved. The obtained results validate that the proposed approach can realize independent controlling over each sampling point of the desired output waveform by properly configuring the amplitudes, frequency interval or frequency values of the multi-tone inputs. In addition, the effects of higher-order dispersion from the dispersion medium on the fidelity of the output waveforms have been investigated. The simulation results show that as the input frequency increases, the peak amplitudes of the output pulses will decrease and the pulse width may slightly grow up. However, the amplitude deviation introduced by higher-order dispersion can be easily compensated by properly adjusting the power settings of the multi-tone inputs.In summary, a novel approach of RF arbitrary-waveform generation via TPS with an integrated DPMZM and multi-tone inputs has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. By properly adjusting the DC bias of DPMZM, the CS-SSB modulation of RF input can be achieved, which guarantees the one-to-one linear mapping from each frequency element of RF input to the output pulses. Any desired waveform can be obtained by simply adjusting the frequencies or the amplitudes of the multi-tone inputs. Proof-of-concept experiments on different waveforms generation have been successfully carried out. Additionally, the impacts of higher-order dispersion on waveform diversity and fidelity are also investigated.

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    Zhen ZHOU, Shuna YANG, Bo YANG, Hao CHI. Real-time Reconfigurable Arbitrary Waveform Generation Based on Multi-tone Inputs[J]. Acta Photonica Sinica, 2025, 54(3): 0306005

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    Paper Information

    Category: Fiber Optics and Optical Communications

    Received: Aug. 23, 2024

    Accepted: Nov. 1, 2024

    Published Online: Apr. 22, 2025

    The Author Email: Shuna YANG (shunayang@hdu.edu.cn)

    DOI:10.3788/gzxb20255403.0306005

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