An all-optical signal optimization structure based on the self-phase modulation (SPM) effect of fiber is designed by using two single-mode fiber spans with dispersion compensation, and combining a phase shifter. The self phase modulation effect of fiber is analyzed theoretically. The working principles of optimization structure and all-optical XOR gate based on semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) are introduced respectively, and the simulation models of all-optical XOR gate and all-optical signal optimization structure are built by using the optical communication system design software OptiSystem. The all-optical XOR output results at 10 Gb/s and 40 Gb/s rate are optimized respectively, making that the XOR output extinction ratios are improved respectively from 10 dB and 9 dB to about 26 dB, and the eye diagrams with good quality are obtained. The results show that the conventional all-optical XOR output extinction ratio is low generally, the all-optical signal optimization structure can improve the extinction ratio significantly and improve the quality of the output signals.