A light-field display device based on dual-layer halftone image joint encoding is proposed herein, consisting of collimated backlight, a double-layer film, a filter, an aspherical cylindrical lens array, and a vertical diffusion film. The double-layer film is used for displaying halftone light-field-encoded images; the filter is used for generating red, green, and blue channels; and the aspherical cylindrical lens array and the vertical diffusion film are used for controlling the direction of light emission. Dense viewpoints and high-grayscale light-field display are obtained with the double-layer film. The number of viewpoints is increased through light-field encoding, and light-field-encoded images are synthesized on double-layer film structures using a halftone image joint optimization method. Thus, the grayscale range is expanded. In a verification experiment, a three-dimensional light-field display effect with dense viewpoints, high grayscale, and color was realized (165 viewpoints with a grayscale of 256×256×256).