Objective: To study the effects of laser photocoagulation combined with calcium dobesilate and Xueshuantong on microcirculation and inflammatory factors in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR). Methods: 86 patients with DR in our hospital were selected as research objects.According to the number table, the patients were divided randomly into control group and combination group, 43 cases in each group. On the basis of conventional treatment for diabetes mellitus, the control group was treated with laser photocoagulation, the combination group was treated with laser photocoagulation combined with calcium dobesilate and Xueshuantong. Hemangioma, macular, blood spots, visual acuity,visual field gray value, peak flow velocity(PSV), end-diastolic velocity(EDV), resistance index(RI) of central retinal artery and posterior ciliary artery, and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 h PG), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c), blood calcium, blood plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation index, erythrocyte deformation index, platelet aggregation rate, hypoxic induction factor-1 (HIF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin 1β(IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) before and after treatment were supervised in the two groups. Clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. Results: ①The total effective rate 95.35%) of the combination group was significantly higher than that of the control group72.09%)(P＜0.05). ②Compared with those before teeatment, FBG, P2hBG and HbA1c decreased after treatment in the two groups, (P<0.05), but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). ③Compared with those before teeatment, Hemangioma, macular, blood spots, visual acuity,visual field gray value, PSV, EDV, RI of central retinal artery and posterior ciliary artery, blood plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation index, erythrocyte deformation index, platelet aggregation rate, HIF-1, VEGF, IL-1β, MMP-9 improved after treatment in the two groups(P<0.05), and the improvements of combination group were significantly better than those of control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion: Compared with laser photocoagulation alone, laser photocoagulation combined with calcium dobesilate and Xueshuantong has better clinical curative effect on DR, It can significantly improve the microcirculation and inflammatory reaction of patients, and has high clinical value.