With a 1.06 μm solid Nd:glass nanosecond pulse laser and a bell-shaped thruster made of K9 glass,both vertical single-pulse propulsion experiment and the corresponding numerical simulation are studied. The results show that,the focal length dominates among the structural factors of thruster in the propulsion by nanosecond pulse laser. The larger focal length corresponds to a better propulsion performance,and at the same focal length,the thruster with smaller open angle and longer scale can achieve higher impulse coupling coefficient,which are different from the results achieved in the propulsion by a microsecond pulse CO2 laser. It is believed that the reason for the poor performance of thruster with shorter focal length is the thermal damage of thruster caused by ultrashort pulse laser. The 12.5 g thruster is vertically propelled for a height of 24.5 mm by a 18 J single pulse laser,and its impulse coupling coefficient is 478.75 μNDK·sDK·J-1. By comparing with the experimental results based on the CO2 laser,the nanosecond pulse laser is better than the microsecond pulse laser in the single pulse propulsion.