In order to control the comprehensive properties of 316L stainless steel (316L-SLM) prepared by SLM, the microstructure and properties of 316L-SLM at different scanning speeds were studied, and the corrosion resistance of 316L-SLM in PBS solution was analyzed at different scanning speeds and heat treatment temperatures. The results show that when the scanning speed is less than 900 mm/s, it has little influence on relative density and microhardness, but when the scanning speed is more than 900 mm/s, the density and microhardness decrease with the increase of scanning speed. Scanning by inter-layer rotation of 67° produced periodic patterns of weld profile on the cross section. The specimen has stronger compression resistance and higher elastic modulus when high scanning speed is used. The specimens has stronger tensile properties and higher elongation when low scanning speed is employed. The microstructure of the samples treated at 650 ℃ and 1 050 ℃ has coarse columnar crystal, while the width of the columnar crystal of the samples treated at 1 050 ℃ slightly increases. The contour of the weld bead and the morphology of fish scale pattern are clearly observed in the samples treated at 650 ℃ and 1 050 ℃. Both heat treatments significantly improve the corrosion resistance, especially at 1 050 ℃. Defects and sensitization are the main controlling factors of corrosion behavior. With the increase of scanning speed, sensitization tendency decreases and defect tendency increases. Therefore, the corrosion resistance of 316L-SLM sample increases first and then decreases when the scanning speed increases, and the corrosion resistance is the best when the scanning speed is 900 mm/s.