Telecentric imaging has the advantages of stable magnification， large depth of field and low distortion， which has attracted much attention in the field of three-dimensional precision measurement. However， due to manufacturing limitations， the aperture stop of a telecentric lens cannot be perfectly positioned at the focal plane， allowing light rays with slight angular deviations from the optical axis to enter， thereby introducing measurement errors. To address this issue， a telecentric 3D reconstruction model based on calibration parameter correction was proposed. The theoretical analysis of the causes of telecentric optical path non-ideality led to the construction of a system calibration parameter model related to the imaging depth， which compensated for the measurement error caused by optical path non-ideality. Based on the calibration parameters of the focal plane， the mathematical polynomial expression between the radial distortion coefficient and the imaging depth was established based on the control variable method and the least squares fitting algorithm. A random sampling consistency algorithm was employed to filter out the phase noise， and the phase-depth mapping relationship was established based on the polynomial model. During the process of three-dimensional reconstruction， the radial aberration coefficients were corrected based on the depth information determined from the absolute phase， thereby achieving high precision in the reconstruction of the lateral size. In the calibration plate and standard ball experiments， the measurement error of the measured line segment was reduced from 28.8 μm to 4.8 μm， and the measurement error of the diameter of the standard ball was reduced from 35.2 μm to 8.1 μm， thereby verifying the feasibility and necessity of the proposed scheme. This method provides an effective parameter correction idea for the precise measurement of the telecentric optical path system， and enriches the telecentric three-dimensional measurement technology.