The development of topological photonics has introduced a wealth of methods for controlling light fields, with topologically protected edge states, offering exceptional properties such as unidirectional transport and immunity to defect and impurity scattering. These characteristics hold significant research and application potential in fields like optical micro-manipulation, optical communication, and optical computation. Topological metasurfaces with Dirac-like dispersion are ideal systems for generating topological edge states, where the Dirac mass term determines the width of the photonic bandgap. However, the mechanisms for controlling this mass term remain underexplored. In this work, we propose a method to extensively tune the photonic mass term by modulating the unit cell structural parameters, which alters both intra- and inter-cell coupling strengths, thereby enabling control over the bandgap and localization properties of edge states. The mass term exhibits a broad range and high sensitivity in manipulating the localization ability of topological edge states across several topological metasurfaces, demonstrating significant potential for applications in planar photonic device design.