An initial ultra-short optical pulse compression system is designed based on normal single-mode fiber and hollow photonic crystal fiber (PCF). By approximately solving the nonlinear Schrdinger equation of the optical pulse evolution in fibers,the frequency chirp compensation of second-order and third-order dispersion is studied in ultra-short pulse compression system and transmission system,and the mechanism of self-phase modulation (SPM) compensating dispersion is analyzed. It is found that,in ultra-short pulse compression system,the second-order dispersion compensation experiences nonlinear processes,and at the same time the third-order dispersion compensation experiences the opposite processes. But the pulse compression quality decreases seriously at the last process.