The presentation includes brief information concerning the Fiber Optics Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The results on the research and development of Bismuth-doped (Bi-doped) optical fibers, Bi-doped fiber lasers and optical amplifiers are discussed in detail. The first Bi-doped optical fibers were fabricated by the Fiber Optics Research Center together with the Institute of High-Purity Substances in 2005 using MCVD technique. To create Bi-doped fiber lasers and optical amplifiers operating in broad spectral region, it is necessary to use Bi-doped fibers with various core glass compositions. We selected the following fiber core glasses: Bi∶SiO2, Bi∶GeO2, Bi∶GeO2-SiO2, Bi∶Al2O3-SiO2, Bi∶P2O5-SiO2. In the results, a family of Bi-doped fiber lasers and optical amplifiers operating in the spectral region 1 150~1 800 nm is developed.