Aiming at the problems of long computation time and low reconstruction accuracy that exist when the laser absorption spectroscopy technique acquires the initial CO₂ signal for concentration field reconstruction under the condition of non-uniformly distributed flue, a CO₂ concentration field reconstruction method based on the super-resolution algorithm is proposed, and the EO algorithm is optimized and improved. The improved EO algorithm significantly improves the iteration speed and search accuracy in the calculation of CO₂ concentration distribution; in the super-resolution temperature field reconstruction algorithm, an input compensation mechanism is added and the dense connection network is optimized. After experimental comparison, the improved CO₂ concentration reconstruction algorithm effectively improves the reconstruction accuracy, and the average ARE and RMSE values reach 0.053733 and 0.054, respectively.