Semiconductor lasers (LDs) are commonly used as power sources in active electronic DC measurement systems due to their advantages of electrical isolation and electromagnetic immunity. Due to the fact that the active electronic DC measurement system often operates outdoors, the working temperature of the LDs will be affected by the environment, leading to the measurement errors of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to perform environmental temperature adaptive control on the LDs to ensure that it operates within the normal temperature range and the system obtains stable measurement. In this paper, a study of environment temperature adaptive control technology for LDs in active electronic DC measurement system is carried out. Based on the principle of temperature control for LDs, the relationship between environmental temperature, tube core temperature, and thermoelectric cooler (TEC) driving current was simulated and studied through multiple physical fields. Then an environment temperature adaptive PID control algorithm, which combines steady state regulation based on environment temperature with transient regulation based on core temperature, is proposed to improve the stability of the core temperature. Experimental research is also conducted using Keil MDK software and an STM32 development board. The results indicate that the proposed control algorithm can decrease the transient power fluctuation of LD from 0.72% to 0.38%，confirming the viability of the proposed solution