Waste concrete and waste bricks are the important components of construction waste, and the resource utilization of recycled powder from construction waste is one of the important ways to achieve carbon reduction in the construction industry. Therefore, in this paper, recycled concrete powder (RCP) and recycled brick powder (RBP) were used to replace part of cement to prepare self leveling mortar (SLM). The effects of RCP content and RBP content on the fluidity and compressive strength of SLM were studied, and the microscopic mechanism was revealed by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption method. The results show that the addition of RCP and RBP reduces the fluidity of SLM, but when the content of RBP and RCP is 10% (mass fraction) respectively, it has little effect on the fluidity of SLM. When the RBP content is 10% (mass fraction), the strength of SLM is the highest and the internal structure is the densest. The addition of RCP can have an adverse effect on the properties of SLM. The use of recycled powder to replace part of the cement is beneficial for reducing carbon emissions during the SLM preparation and promoting green and sustainable development in the construction industry.