As an advanced processing method, laser is widely used in cutting and modifying of wood materials, which could significantly improve the processing efficiency and product performance. In this study, the bamboo inner layer was irradiated by CO2 laser, and the laser power, moving speed and moving path distance were selected as input variables to explore the effects of laser modification parameters on the color changes and created the prediction models for color difference. The results showed that the total color difference of bamboo inner layer increased with the increased of laser power, but decreased with the increased of moving speed and moving path distance. The brightness values showed a downward trend, and the surface color of bamboo inner layer became darker after laser treatment, the absolute value of brightness difference also increased with the enhancement of laser power, and decreased with the increased of moving speed and moving path distance. After laser treatment, the maximum value of total color difference was 19.9, and the value of brightness decreased 16.2. The values of R2 of quadratic prediction models for total color difference and brightness were 0.981 1 and 0.984 3, respectively. It meant these two models had good prediction. After laser treatment, bamboo inner layer can present different color such as light yellow and yellowish brown, which enriches the visual effect of the bamboo materials.