Laser cladding technology is used to prepare Fe-based cladding layer on the surface of helical gear steel. The metallographic structure and microhardness of the cladding layer are analyzed by optical microscope and microhardness tester, and use abrasion machine to perform friction experiment on the cladding layer and the substrate. The results show that when the laser power is 750W, the powder feeding rate is 20g/min, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, and the defocus is 16.4mm, there is a clear white band at the interface between the iron-based cladding layer and the substrate, and the laser cladding effect is better. The hardness value of the cladding layer ranges from 845.3HV to 955.6HV, which is about 2 times the hardness of the matrix (419.7HV), the friction and wear performance of the cladding layer has been improved, the microstructure of the cladding layer is uniform and fine ferrite and pearlite, and the mechanical properties are better than the matrix Material.