Using the three-dimensional modeling and rendering technology, a virtual simulation experiment system for fluid flow around marine engineering environments is built and used for the practical teaching, which aims to enhance students’ ability to connect theory with practice and stimulate their innovative thinking through experimental teaching. The experimental system includes modules for cognitive learning, online test, fluid flow demonstration experiment, cylinder flow experiment, and bridge pier flow experiment. Based on the particle image velocity measurement (PIV) technology, a prototype experiment of flow around a circular cylinder is finished in the precision experimental hydraulic flume, and a prototype experiment of flow around a circular pier of Jiashao Bridge is finished based on the large-scale particle image velocity measurement (LSPIV) technology. Then the project embeds the experimental operation process and measured data into the experimental system, so that students can master the theory of flow around and practical operation skills in the simulation. These experiments constitute progressively organized teaching contents. The teaching method follows a stepwise four stages, namely, teaching, practice, assessment, and application, and incorporates multidimensional assessment methods to motivate students’ enthusiasm for experimentation, cultivate a rigorous and practical experimental attitude, facilitate the effective transfer of theoretical knowledge to practical application, and achieve the teaching goal of fostering practical innovation capabilities as the central task.