In this paper， we introduced the unique advantages of the thermal infrared hyperspectral imaging in many applications， and then discuss the design to optimize sensitivity of the airborne thermal-infrared hyperspectral imaging system （ATHIS）. Additionally， we establish emission spectrum of laboratory minerals and build the radiation model to measure the absorption spectrum of gas， with which the procession of separation of spectrum and temperature is analyzed. Finally， ATHIS is used to carry out laboratory measurements of mineral emission spectrum and gas infrared absorption spectrum. The results show that the data method we proposed for ATHIS can accurately invert mineral emissivity spectrum and gas absorption spectrum. In the future， ATHIS will be used to carry out multi-platform remote sensing application experiments， which will lay the foundation for future development of space-borne thermal infrared hyperspectral camera and data processing methods.