Pure rotational Raman Lidar is widely used for detecting vertical atmospheric temperature profiles due to its good collimation and high spatiotemporal resolution. In this paper, the uncertainty of temperature measurement caused by the central wavelength and bandwidth of the interference filter by designing a spectral path based on the interference filter. The ratio method is used to simplify the calculation of leakage errors caused by insufficient suppression of elastic scattering signals by filters. The system parameters are calibrated by means of different bandwidths, and the impact of system parameters on fitting errors during temperature inversion was analyzed. The random error introduced by the fixed angle error when inverting the temperature is analyzed. The results indicate that the error generated by the center wavelength of the filter and the bandwidth of 0.5nm/0.3nm actually selected by the system is less than 1.2K, and a suppression ratio greater than 6 is appropriate. The fitting error generated by the use of lower order functions can be ignored, and the fixed angle error of the filter should be less than 0.5°. And based on the pure rotational Raman Lidar equation, the simulated echo signal is simulated and the temperature profile is inverted. The error distribution of temperature measurement is analyzed, and the total error is less than 1.2 K.