A novel low-voltage driven liquid crystal diaphragm driven by four-channel voltage is designed and prepared to realize the elliptical ratio, scale and center variable diaphragm with better applicability. The characteristics of the circular effective diaphragm region of the liquid crystal device are tested by experiment and numerical simulation software. Firstly, through numerical calculation and simulation of the distribution characteristics of the device, the simulation results of the voltage conditions of the device in different working states and the method of moving the center of the diaphragm are obtained. Then, the diaphragm characteristics of the device are tested through the optical path to achieve the distribution effect of the circular diaphragm and the elliptical diaphragm. Finally, the change of the optical axis of the device after moving the electric field is compared with the simulation results. The test results show that the working state of the liquid crystal diaphragm can be controlled by changing the amplitude and phase of the voltage. Under the conditions of different frequency of upper and lower substrate electrodes and different initial phase difference, the elliptical aperture transmission function is basically realized. In the effective region, the average error between the actual value of center translation measurement and the simulation result is 3.33%. The device basically meets the requirements of different aperture pass and moving aperture center in the scene.