Owing to its noncontact and lightweight characteristics, infrared thermography (IRT) has been increasingly recognized and applied in exercise physiology. This study combines a literature review and empirical research to investigate the patterns of skin temperature (T_sk) changes, the application status, and the physiological mechanisms of constant-load endurance exercise, incremental load exercise, and resistance exercise. It also aims to construct a standardized process for IRT-based T_sk detection in exercise, considering factors that affect IRT temperature measurements, such as equipment, environment, individual differences, and analysis methods, to promote the practical application of IRT in the field of exercise physiology.