Computer Engineering, Volume. 51, Issue 8, 317(2025)
Robust Video Watermark Algorithm Based on NSCT-PHFM
With the widespread use of short video sharing platforms and editing software, video copyright have become an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. To overcome this problem, robust video-watermarking methods have been proposed. However, under geometric attack conditions, their robustness significantly decreases because some watermarks are destroyed; therefore, finding a stable feature against a geometric attack is a challenge. This study proposes a robust video watermarking algorithm based on Non-Subsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT)-Polar Harmonic Fourier Moments (PHFMs), utilizing the insensitivity of the NSCT to noise and the rotational invariance of PHFMs. Using the proposed Harris-Laplace feature point closed disk Region Of Interest (ROI) selection method, the ROI of the video keyframes is extracted as the watermark embedding domain. Further, NSCT is applied to the closed-disk ROI, and the PHFMs of the low-frequency sub-bands for the NSCT domain are calculated to embed the watermarks with quantization index modulation. The experimental results show that the algorithm can effectively resist different types of attacks, such as Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) compression, MPEG-2 compression, salt and pepper noise, Gaussian noise, cropping, rotation, and flipping, and that the carrier has a small distortion while ensuring the watermark's invisibility.
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TIAN Shuangyan, CHEN Yanli, ZHOU Yonghui. Robust Video Watermark Algorithm Based on NSCT-PHFM[J]. Computer Engineering, 2025, 51(8): 317
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Received: Mar. 7, 2024
Accepted: Aug. 26, 2025
Published Online: Aug. 26, 2025
The Author Email: CHEN Yanli (yanli_027@163.com)