This study aims at investigating the effect of the periodic surface microstructures on the coloring mechanism of laser-induced oxidation films. The variation characteristics of ripple width, ripple height, and ripple overlap of laser-induced surface microstructures under different process parameters are particularly studied herein. First, the samples are fabricated by varying the defocusing, pulse frequency, scanning speed, ripple spacing, power, and marking times. The influence of the energy density and spot overlapping on the ripple width of the samples is observed and analyzed to estimate the ripple width. Thereafter, the ripple height is approximately calculated through the ripple width and the measured surface roughness, and the error between theoretical and practical height are obtained from -0.375 μm to 0.430 μm. Furthermore, the ripple overlap is calculated using the ripple width and ripple spacing, and the relationship among ripple height, ripple overlap, and surface roughness is analyzed. Finally, the grating blaze angle is calculated using the surface roughness and ripple spacing. It is found that the degree of ripple concave and convex can be better described with the blaze angle of grating. The color saturation effect of multiple marking samples is determined, and a multilayer color marking model is proposed.