In order to expand the application of the semiconductor ring lasers (SRL) in chaotic secure communication, a simple chaotic synchronization structure was constructed. The dynamic characteristic of semiconductor ring lasers under phase optical feedback is studied using power spectrum and cross-correlation techniques, and the synchronization quality was optimized and analyzed. The results show that the semiconductor ring lasers can exhibit rich nonlinear dynamics under phase optical feedback. For a fixed frequency detuning value, the synchronization coefficient increases with the increase of the injection coefficient, and for larger injection coefficients, the influence of frequency detuning on synchronization performance will be weakened. Besides, the influence of current mismatch on synchronization performance is discussed, and it was found that the larger the injection coefficient, the smaller the influence of current mismatch. Finally, the case of different feedback phases is discussed, and it is found that two different chaotic signals can also be synchronized, which increases the security of synchronization communication. The research results can provide reference for the application of semiconductor ring laser in chaotic secure communication.