in order to achieve rapid signal transmission and improve the stability of optical communication systems, an intelligent processing system for optical communication signals based on embedded technology is designed. Build an intelligent processing system framework for optical communication signals, embed DSP processing modules into the optical communication system, use LED arrays as light sources to obtain the original optical communication signals, complete RS encoding and truncated PPM modulation in DSP, and apply them to LED to achieve the transmission of optical communication signals. After channel transmission, the beam is concentrated and transmitted through convex lenses, and the detector array receives the optical signal. The signal interpretation is completed using the Berlekamp Massey algorithm, and the original input signal is restored using a bipolar signal processing circuit composed of a high bandwidth gain product operational amplifier, a fully differential operational amplifier, and a limiting amplifier. The experimental results show that the system can ensure stable transmission of optical communication signals at a communication distance of 5 km. As the communication distance increases, the bit error rate increases slightly. Within a communication distance of 2.5 km, the bit error rate is 0, which can achieve accurate recovery of input signals. The signal-to-noise ratio at the transmitting and receiving ends is not less than 74 dB, and the signal processing performance is outstanding.