An adaptive, dynamic method based on the navigation and location applications of 2D lidar was proposed for extracting the center of cylindrical artificial landmarks (reflector marks) using laser echo intensity. The influence of different application scenes on the accuracy of extraction of the landmark center was analyzed. The proposed method was tested using different diffuse reflectivity background plates, incidence angles between the lidar and background plates, and specular reflection background plates. The recognition results for three algorithms were acquired using an experimental platform for different application scenarios. We then compared and analyzed the experimental results, which reveal that the modified algorithm can reliably and accurately extract the centers of the artificial landmarks in various application scenarios and that it is highly robust and practical.