To explore the process of laser cutting parameters on the temperature field, the influence of carbon fiber composite material with the method of the finite element simulation analysis and test, considering the auxiliary gas cooling and heat radiation effect, the qualitative simulation analysis of the laser power, scanning speed and laser spot radius of carbon fiber composite material thickness direction and perpendicular to the direction of laser scanning the influence law of temperature field, the results show that the laser cutting process parameters on the specimen thickness and vertical cutting direction of thermal effects have consistency. When more energy is absorbed, the gasification region of the matrix is larger than the ablation region. When the laser energy decreases, the ablation region is gradually larger than the gasification region. The relationship between laser cutting process parameters and temperature can guide the actual processing, predict the thermal affected area of carbon fiber composites in advance, and provide basis for laser heat transmission and control of thermal affected area.