In order to study the feasibility of applying laser technology to remove rust from collector rings of high-speed train, according to the effect of laser rust removal and cleaning efficiency, the optimal laser cleaning parameters of collector ring were determined. Overlap ratio of laser spot on the whole surface is 29.3%, laser power was 16W, laser repetition frequency was 70kHz and laser scanning speed was 1.0m/s. The optimal process parameters were used to remove rust from the collector ring samples. The surface microstructure of the original sample and the sample after laser rust removal were observed by scanning electron microscope and metallographic microscope. The surface hardness and surface mechanical properties of the original sample and the sample after laser rust removal were analyzed and compared by a new experimental analysis method. The resistivity of samples before and after laser cleaning was measured by LINSES resistivity tester at room temperature. The results show that there is no remelting and phase transformation on the surface of samples after laser derusting. The surface hardness and surface mechanical properties of the original sample and the laser rust removal sample don’t change significantly. Due to the increase of surface roughness and lattice distortion of some crystal lattice, the probability of electron scattering increases and resistivity increases by 8.3%. But they still conform to the specifications. Laser derusting technology has no significant effect on the surface performance of collector ring substrate. The technology is suitable for surface rust removal on the collector rings of high-speed trains.