In the process of ultra-high speed laser cladding, the attenuation of laser energy by powder is one of the key problems to study the temperature field of laser cladding powder flow, and it is also the basis to realize the reasonable distribution of laser energy in ultra-high speed laser cladding. In this paper, the coaxial four way powder feeding tube laser cladding head and ultra-high speed laser cladding ring cladding head are taken as the research objects. Using the unsteady particle tracking mode, an algorithm is designed to calculate the energy attenuation of the powder to the laser. According to the calculation results of the algorithm, the energy attenuation of the two cladding heads under different process parameters is analyzed. The phenomenon of laser energy attenuation in the process of laser powder interaction is verified by experiments. Results of simulation and experiment show that the laser energy attenuation mainly occurs in the high powder concentration region under the cladding head, and the attenuation curve has the character of Gauss function. The reliability of the simulation model is verified by the light attenuation experiment of the cladding head of coaxial four-way powder feeding tube. It is also verified that the attenuation curve of laser through powder has the character of Gauss function, and there is an optimal powder feeding quantity.