The infrared seeker is the core component of the weapon guidance system to identify and track the target, and determines whether the missile can successfully and accurately hit the target. The combat conditions of modern warfare are complex and changeable, with interference factors such as clouds, smoke, point source decoys, laser suppression, camouflage, and multi-wave strikes. It is a very challenging task for the infrared seeker to identify the target characteristics and maintain continuous tracking under various interference conditions. Various interference factors in the battlefield environment are summarized and sorted out, and the interference mechanisms and their impacts on the performance of the infrared seeker are analyzed. Several anti-interference technologies currently used are introduced, and then their design principles and workflows are analyzed, and the anti-interference effect of the infrared seeker in various application scenarios is demonstrated. This study has a certain reference significance for the formulation of anti-interference strategies for infrared seekers.