With the development of artificial intelligence, ultrasonic ranging plays a pivotal role in both industry and daily life. To achieve industry-education integration, an ultrasonic ranging experimental system was designed for the Engineering Test Technology course. Module circuits for the ultrasonic ranging transmitter and receiver were designed and simulated in Multisim; a physical system was then built on an NI ELVIS III breadboard, and the actual circuits were debugged by connecting ultrasonic transducers, with the results compared to the simulation waveforms; upper-level computer software was developed by using LabVIEW to accomplish functions such as signal acquisition, data processing, and graphical display. Through the concrete implementation of this experimental project, students gained a deeper understanding of the system architecture of engineering testing technology and a more thorough comprehension of the key knowledge points in the course. This lays a solid foundation for the future development of high-precision, large-scale testing systems targeting complex industrial environments, demonstrating considerable practical value.