In order to find out the properties and improve the levels of high value-added processing and utilization of Chinese rattan resources, the Daemonorops Margaritae, a Chinese unique rattan, was chosen as the research material, then the microfibril angles (MFA) & crystallinity index (CrI) were measured through the X-ray diffraction method, and the effects of γ-ray irradiation upon the MFA & CrI were analyzed. The results show that the MFA of the cane varied from 33.4° to 38.7° with the average value of 36.1°, and the MFA of the coretex were not larger than that of the core. The MFA were 36.2 and 35.8 degrees, 35.9 and 35.4 degrees, and 36.2 and 35.4 degrees before and after irradiation with a radiation dose rate of 2.5×103 Gy·h-1 and radiation dose of 3, 9 and 15 kGy, and decreased 1.10%, 1.39% and 2.21% respectively compared with the former. The CrI was in the range of 24.8%-32.0%, and the average CrI was 28.6%. The CrI of coretex was larger than that of the core. Under the same radiation conditions, the CrI was 28.1% and 26.0%, 28.1% and 26.9%, and 28.5% and 27.1% before and after irradiation, and the latter decreased 7.58%, 4.34% and 4.70% respectively compared to the former. With the radiation dose of 3 kGy, the differences in CrI between with and without irradiation were most notable in the 0.001 level.