Aiming for the development of geostationary orbit (GEO) millimeter-wave atmospheric sounding technology, the sophisticated end-to-end simulation experiments based on the candidate real-aperture radiometer schemes for China future GEO atmospheric sounding mission are conducted in this paper. The simulation mainly consists of 50~425 GHz observation brightness temperatures forward and atmospheric profiles retrieval.The simulation experiments quantitatively examined the accuracy of GEO observation brightness temperature and the estimated atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles under the tropical cyclone conditions.Then the various factors affecting the accuracy are analyzed. The results show that the two major factors of the radiometer, the antenna beam width and the system noise, play the difference roles in the reduced accuracy of GEO observed brightness temperature for each frequency channel. The accuracy of the retrieval atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles from GEO sounding simulation is comparable to that of the polar orbit. And the contrast results of the retrieval profiles with and without 380 GHz and 425 GHz bands indicate that the accuracy of retrieval profiles can be improved effectively by the new terahertz bands of GEO atmospheric sounding. In additional, BG reconstruction algorithm can also decrease the retrieval errors. The above research can provide scientific basis and technical support for the development decision maker of GEO millimeter-wave atmosphere sounding research.