A bionic polarization detector based on multi-layer structure is proposed in this paper, and the polarization sensitive metasurface bionic structure is designed for the main role. The structure can simulate the compound eye of insects and construct a three-layer polarization sensing structure by combining transparent photosensitive material and metal grating metasurface structure. By designing and optimizing the metasurface bionic layer for polarization detection at 532 nm wavelength, it is determined that the metasurface bionic layer with a metal thickness of 10 nm can obtain the best effect, that is, the extinction ratio is 8 dB, and its effect is verified by simulation analysis. The structure can simultaneously measure the multi-angle component information of a single incident light in space. Through multi-point combination detection, the structure can also realize graphical detection. The novel bionic stereo stacked polarization detector designed in this paper provides a feasible idea for more advanced polarization detection in the future, and can achieve better polarization detection.