The system model of visible light communication in coal mine working face is analyzed. Two optimization methods of LED light source distribution in coal mine working face are designed. One is be used to optimize the two-dimensional position of each LED light source on the top of working space, and the other is used to co-optimize the two-dimensional position and its power weight of each LED light source. The fireworks algorithm is adopted and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) factor of the receiving plane is set as the target function of the group optimization algorithm as well as the indicator for evaluating the uniformity of signals in the receiving plane. The research results show that after optimization with these two methods, the SNR factors of signals in the receiving plane are reduced by 16.6% and 24.6%, respectively, compared with that under the uniform array distribution of LED light sources with equal powers. The SNR fluctuation is significantly improved, the optical signal uniformity is also improved, and thus the same communication quality among different users is ensured.