Aiming at the problem of accurate matching between measuring distance and tracking control parameters in current laser tracking and measurement technology, a laser precision tracking and control system based on range adaptive tracking strategy is developed. According to the motor tracking control parameters calibrated at different distances, the range adaptive parameter model based on least square polynomial fitting is constructed, and the tracking control parameters matching with any distance within the calibration distance range are obtained, and the stable tracking of long-distance targets is realized. Tracking control parameter calibration experiments, circular track tracking performance verification experiments and target track coordinate measurement experiments are carried out for the developed system. The experimental results show that the designed tracking system can stably track and measure the moving target with the range of 50 m, with not less than 500 mm/s tracking speed, and it can be applied to the precision tracking and measurement of long-distance dynamic targets.