Fe60 and WC composite powders with different mass fractions were preset on the surface of 304 stainless steel, and the metal ceramic composite cladding layer was prepared by optical fiber laser processing system. The microstructure and properties of the coating were studied from the perspectives of macro morphology, microstructure, phase analysis, and hardness distribution. The results show that the metallurgical bonding of the composite cladding layer is good, and hard phases such as CrC and WCx are formed in the transition zone and heat affected zone, which improves the hardness of the cladding layer and significantly affects the mechanical properties of the composite coating. When the mass fraction of WC is 3%, the average hardness of the cladding coating is 995 HV, which is about 5 times that of 304 stainless steel substrate, and higher than that of the composite cladding coating with other mass fractions.