A Rayleigh-Raman scattering lidar has been developed for measuring atmospheric temperature profiles at night. The triple frequency of Nd∶YAG laser at 355-nm is operated as the transmitting laser beam. Molecular Rayleigh and nitrogen vibration Raman scattering returns are detected by the photon counting technique. Then, vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature are derived in the stratosphere and mid-upper troposphere. Comparison experiments are conducted among L625 lidar, HALOE/UARS satellite and radiosonde measurements. Stratospheric temperature profiles obtained by L625 Rayleigh lidar agree well with HALOE results over 25 km to 65 km altitudes, their mean differences of 20 nights are basically less than 2 K. The profiles of tropospheric temperature measured by L625 Raman lidar show the good agreements with radiosonde results over the altitudes of 5 km to 18 km, their bias of mean temperature over 15 nights are usually less than 3 K from 6 km to 16.5 km altitude. The results above indicate that measurements of L625 Rayleigh-Raman are reliable, and can be employed for the routine observations and analysis of atmospheric temperature.