To address the challenge that digital phased arrays cannot be calibrated using traditional vector network analyzers, a near-field measurement-based digital phased array calibration system is proposed. By employing a method of providing a local oscillator through a mixer and signal source in addition to the vector network analyzer, the architecture of the digital phased array antenna calibration system for both transmission and reception states has been designed, achieving the same frequency network parameter measurement of the digital phased array using the vector network analyzer. By designing a timing distribution unit, the automated testing of multi-frequency digital phased arrays has been realized, significantly reducing the measurement time. After actual measurement, the reception and transmission amplitude and phase calibration of 20 antenna units are successfully completed, and the phase consistency after calibration can be stably maintained within a range of ±7°.