In the past decade, modern spectral instrument analysis technology and chemometrics had been applied to the classification and prediction of physical evidence, so as to realize the accurate identification and analysis of the characteristic information of physical evidence. This paper discussed in detail the chemometrics methods used in the spectral analysis of forensic material evidence identification, compared their advantages and disadvantages and applicability, and summarized the application progress of spectral analysis combined with chemometrics in four important forensic material evidence identification fields: Food and drug inspection, trace material evidence inspection, biological material evidence inspection and document inspection, in order to promote the further research and application of Chemometrics in forensic science.