In order to deal with the information acquisition of multi-source heterogeneous sensors in the complex environment of underground infrastructure, a bus-based information processing framework for data acquisition, transmission, processing and uploading is designed based on the Real Time-Thread internet of things operating system in this paper. By designing the sensor insertion active monitoring and identification mechanism, sensor operation scheduling and data acquisition mechanism, and different forms of sensor information encoding, the abilities of the plug-and-play equipment according to the application scenario, sensor data structure with different principles, multi-sensor online scheduling and strong adaptability to underground complex environment are realized. The environmental test and demonstration deployment in subway station show that the integrated monitoring equipment for underground infrastructure designed in this paper has good index expansion performance, reliable on-site operation ability, and stable sensor data collection and uploading abilities.