This article provides an overview and analysis of the funding trends in the disciplines of optics and optoelectronics within the Information Science Department of the National Natural Science Foundation from the beginning of the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016‒2020) to the initiation of the 14th Five-Year Plan in 2021. It summarizes the proposed and approved projects of exploratory, guiding, and talent types, considering aspects such as the number of projects, funding amounts, supporting institutions, and disciplinary domains. It also analyzes the overall characteristics, structural changes, and developmental trends in this field. Based on the exemplary research outcomes during this period, the article analyzes the funding effectiveness. Additionally, it provides a prospective outlook on the prioritized developmental areas and funding management for the disciplines of optics and optoelectronics in line with the goals outlined in the 14th Five-Year Plan.