Power is an important perspective to better understand and analyze energy geopolitics, energy security, international energy cooperation and global energy governance. Based on the geographical attributes analysis of energy, the geopolitical attributes of energy are discussed and a connotation power system is constructed, including the resources power, trade and transportation power, capital power and technology power. Then, a geographical framework for the study of energy geopolitics and energy power is carried out. In the framework, resources power and trade power are considered as the core of traditional energy geopolitics, technological control and capital control are taken as the new focus of energy power. Economic globalization, regional integration and global energy governance expand the extension of energy power. Geographical distribution, changes of energy power from place space to flow space, interrelationship between energy actors and global energy governance, and the study of decision-making service for energy security are the four fundamental parts of energy geopolitics and energy power research.