To address the issue of dynamic variations in optimal modulation voltages and resonant wavelength locking targets among microring modulator array units caused by manufacturing process variations, this paper proposes a high-speed signal modulation voltage adaptive wavelength locking technique. By analyzing the impact of high-speed modulation voltages on the microring's average optical power versus wavelength characteristics, we establish the mapping relationship between single/double-peak features and voltage levels. A feedback control system based on STM32 is designed to dynamically determine locking targets（minima for double-peak cases, pre-calibrated reference points for single-peak cases）, employing a step-voltage scanning optimization algorithm for rapid convergence. Simulations and experiments demonstrate that this technique can adapt to modulation voltages ranging from 1~6 Vpp, achieving stable resonant wavelength locking across a 2 nm tuning range with 63 ms locking time and significantly improved eye diagram opening, making it suitable for large-scale array integration.