Heavy mineral oil is one of the common trace physical evidence at the scene of the crime.The rapid and accurate identification of heavy mineral oil can provide a direction for case detection and narrow the scope of investigation.this paper analyzed 69 heavy mineral oil samples by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, finding that not only different kinds of heavy mineral oil spectra vary, even the same type of different manufacturer of heavy mineral oil spectra also have differences.The results show that the combination of infrared spectrometry and Raman spectrometry can distinguish the heavy mineral oil samples and have good results.