This study explores the correlation between biodiversity abiotic factors and productivity at different spatial scales Using the natural secondary forest in the Changbai Mountain as the study area quadrats with different spatial scales 50 m×50 m 20 m×20 m 10 m×10 m were established The optimal indicators representing species diversity and structural diversity were determined by constructing a multiple regression model and then the relative effects of biodiversity and abiotic factors on productivity were analyzed and compared through structural equation model The results show that the effects of biodiversity and abiotic factors on community productivity were significantly spatial scale dependent At each spatial scale there was a positive correlation between species diversity and productivity and with the increase of spatial scale the positive correlation between species diversity and productivity gradually became smaller from significant positive correlation to insignificant positive correlation At each spatial scale there was a negative correlation between structural diversity and productivity and with the increase of spatial scale the intensity of negative effect between them gradually increased from insignificant negative correlation to significant negative correlation Abiotic factors had certain effects on aboveground biomass at different spatial scales thus further affecting changes in productivity Stand productivity was related to the joint action of biological diversity and abiotic factors and was restricted by spatial scale This conclusion could provide scientific theoretical support for biodiversity conservation ecosystem function improvement and forest forward succession management in Changbai Mountain area