The propagation formula and the intensity distribution of a bottle beam are deduced by Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral theory. The evolution of the bottle beam is analyzed in detail and its fine structure is displayed. The influence of the focal length in focal lens on the bottle radius and bottle length is discussed. The results show that the bottle radius and bottle length increase with the increase of the focal length in focal lens. The bottle beam is generated using the system of an axicon and a focal lens in the experiment. The profiles of the transverse intensity of the bottle beam in different propagation distance are captured using the optical system of microscope and CCD camera. The results show that not only the evolution of bottle beam is depicted accurately, but the adverse factor which effects the application is also pointed out using Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral theory. Furthermore, the self-reconstruction of Bessel beam is displayed accurately. The diffraction theory used have makes up geometric theory and interferential theory.