The rectangular primary mirror with aperture of 1.8 m×0.5 m is the crucial component of an off-axis Three Mirror Anastigmat (TMA) space optical system. In order to guaranty the structural stability and reliability of the Primary Mirror Assembly (PMA) and the surface figure error (RMS value) of the mirror, a bi-axial flexural support has been proposed for the large-size rectangular mirror. First, based on the principle of kinematic equivalent, the initial structure of the bi-axial flexural support was designed and the analytical formula for stiffness and its characteristic was studied as well. Then the mounting position and the key dimensions of the flexural supports were studied and optimized. Finally, the final optimization design scheme of the PMA was determined. Experimental results indicate that the surface figure error (RMS value) of the PMA under 1 G gravity in X and Y directions are 4.81 nm and 6.09 nm respectively when the optical axis is placed horizontally, which are less than λ/50 (λ=632.8 nm). The first-order natural frequency is 104 Hz, which can satisfy the design requirements. The dynamic tests have shown that the dynamic characteristics of the mirror assembly are good, and the flexural support system is stable and reliable. Now the mirror has been polished to have a surface figure better than λ/30 RMS. Zero Gravity optical testing has been performed under ±1 G respectively, which shows good coincidence with the analytical results.