As an important component of the information database, infrared data has been extensive used in night vision, weapon guidance, long-range early warning systems and more. Shipborne infrared radiation characteristic measuring systems work in the marine environment, where the variation in temperature and humidity is vast. In view of the fact that variation in ambient temperature greatly affects the measuring system, this paper presents an internal and external united calibration method based on ambient temperature self-adaptive correction. It corrects temperature influence through self-adaptive interpolation, thus confirming the validity of the proposed measuring system for sensibility and responsive characteristics of external targets. Radiant calibration in different infrared wavebands has been implemented by the measuring system, serial temperatures have been set in each integrating time to calibrate and fit, and the method's effectiveness has been determined by error statistics. Meanwhile, the radiation characteristics of high-precision blackbody and aquatic targets are inversed. As a result, the minimum and the maximum errors obtained for blackbody measuring precision were 6.82% and 10.21%, respectively. The high confidence coefficient for measured radiant inversion value verifies the effectiveness and application prospects of the calibration method presented in this paper.